tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19707327190884747962024-03-13T09:48:50.143+08:00worm1blogBlog untuk penternak/bakal penternak dan sesiapa sahaja yang berminat terhadap penternakan cacing tanah bertukar-tukar informasi/idea dan pengetahuan.013.343.762.8 / ownbizz@hotmail.comVermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.comBlogger35125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-43001235190764479542009-02-14T12:56:00.002+08:002009-02-14T13:07:44.156+08:00Rahsia ClickBank untuk Rakyat Malaysia<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLp2E7X68EfROLHxMppgEAgIqhR2CvPAmLDAuveFRHBPxR92bWxhavOoxfyd8RIuZVE88w4c31d_53J1GyDT-Kn6jv41grzWvoMG-j2rfq56z9rGOBlcr-BwD81Jj5VdqcPgF2I-5hjII/s1600-h/box-medium.png"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 200px; height: 248px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLp2E7X68EfROLHxMppgEAgIqhR2CvPAmLDAuveFRHBPxR92bWxhavOoxfyd8RIuZVE88w4c31d_53J1GyDT-Kn6jv41grzWvoMG-j2rfq56z9rGOBlcr-BwD81Jj5VdqcPgF2I-5hjII/s320/box-medium.png" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5302515064464522466" border="0" /></a><br /><div style="text-align: justify;">Sehingga pertengahan tahun 2008, ramai rakyat Malaysia bertungkus lumus untuk menjana wang melalui ClickBank. Malangnya, disebabkan beberapa alasan yang tidak diketahui, ClickBank menolak semua permohonan rakyat Malaysia.<br /><br /><a href="http://awesomemarketer.com/secure/4bw/4792">http://awesomemarketer.com/secure/4bw/4792 </a><br /><br />Walaubagaimanapun, sesetengah rakyat Malaysia bercadang untuk menggunakan "pintu belakang" untuk mendaftar akaun ClickBank. Saya pasti anda masih mengingati ebook Gobala Krishnan yang bertajuk "Chapter-M", bukan? Ramai rakyat Malaysia telah membelinya beberapa tahun yang lalu dan mereka mencuba sebaik mungkin untuk memulakan perniagaan ClickBank mereka.<br /><br />Kenapa? Kerana ClickBank merupakan peluang affiliate yang luas dan jika anda tidak menggunakan ClickBank, anda akan ketinggalan banyak produk yang hebat yang anda boleh promosikan dengan senang untuk menjana wang secara online. Terdapat 10,000 produk ClickBank yang hampir kebanyakkannya terdiri daripada ebook, perisian dan laman web keahlian. ClickBank hanya menjual produk digital dan itulah perkara yang paling menakjubkan!<br /><br />Produk digital, memandangkan ia tidak mengandungi kos penghantaran atau kos fizikal, ia mempunyai nilai keuntungan yang sangat tinggi. Sebab itulah kenapa para peniaga mampu membayar komisyen sehingga 75% setiap produk yang anda promosikan - anda tidak akan pernah mendapat kelebihan ini jika mempromosikan produk fizikal atau apa jua produk di dunia offline.<br /><br /><a href="http://awesomemarketer.com/secure/4bw/4792">http://awesomemarketer.com/secure/4bw/4792 </a><br /><br />Sekarang, sesiapa pun rakyat Malaysia boleh mendaftar akaun ClickBank tanpa perlu melalui kaedah "pintu belakang", pejabat virtual atau alamat palsu. Saya rasa kita sepatutnya sudah mula memanfaatkan kelebihan situasi ini dan jana wang sebanyak yang mungkin!<br /><br />Untuk menjana wang melalui ClickBank adalah sangat mudah, jika anda mengetahui formula rahsianya.<br /><br />1) Mengetahui Bagaimana untuk Mencari Produk Yang Perlu Dipromosikan<br /><br />Seperti yang saya maklumkan, terdapat 10,000 produk - Jadi, yang mana satu yang anda ingin promosikan? Sebenarnya, terdapat formula yang boleh digunakan dalam kes ini dan hampir kesemua maklumat yang anda inginkan sudah tersedia di dalam laman web ClickBank. Anda hanya perlu mengetahui di mana anda perlu mencarinya dan bagaimana untuk menganalisa segala statistik dan data.<br /><br />2) Tumpukan Hanya Kepada 1 Pasaran dan 5 Produk<br /><br />Anda PERLU memilih sebuah pasaran yang anda ingin promosikan. Anda tidak boleh mempromosikan sebuah produk yang berkaitan dengan Pemasaran Internet dan sebuah lagi produk pelangsingan badan! Ini akan membuatkan anda kurang tumpuan dan akhirnya anda tidak dapat menjana satu sen pun.<br /><br />Cari satu pasaran "niche" yang anda fikir serasi dengan anda dan kaji atau cari produk mana yang menjadi produk top 3-5 dalam ClickBank. Anda tidak perlu hiraukan produk yang lain kerana 80% daripada jualan dibuat melalui produk yang 5 teratas. Anda tidak boleh mempromosikan hanya sebuah produk kerana ia akan membazirkan masa anda. Anda juga tidak boleh mempromosikan terlalu banyak produk, jadi hanya 3 hingga 5 produk, sudah mencukupi.<br /><br />3) Hasilkan Laman Web yang Dapat Menjual<br /><br />Ya, ini merupakan bahagian yang paling penting. Anda boleh menghantar pelawat atau prospek secara langsung ke laman produk dengan link affiliate anda dan menjana wang. Walaubagaimanapun, jika anda ingin memaksimakan komisyen anda, anda perlu membina sekurang-kurangnya sebuah laman web di mana anda menulis sebuah "ulasan produk" mengenai produk top 5 ini supaya pelawat dapat membandingkan dan menentukan produk yang terbaik untuk mereka.<br /><br /><a href="http://awesomemarketer.com/secure/4bw/4792">http://awesomemarketer.com/secure/4bw/4792 </a><br /><br />Ulasan produk anda mestilah ditulis dengan caranya yang tersendiri yang akan menghapuskan segala keraguan pembaca anda, menyakinkan mereka bahawa ia merupakan produk yang terbaik dan buatkan mereka ingin membelinya dengan serta-merta. Pakar memanggilnya sebagai "Landing Pages" dan ia terbukti lebih berkesan daripada blog ataupun jenis laman web yang lain.<br /><br />Jika anda ingin mengetahui maklumat lanjut bagaimana untuk menjana wang melalui ClickBank sebagai rakyat Malaysia, saya sangat menyarankan anda untuk melihat Rahsia ClickBank yang dihasilkan oleh Gobala Krishnan dan Zamri Nanyan:<br /><br />Ia merupakan pakej yang sangat bagus yang menerangkan secara terperinci semua yang saya ceritakan sebentar tadi. Selain itu, mereka telah berusaha keras untuk menyediakan laman web ClickBank yang siap sedia untuk digunakan oleh anda. Apa yang perlu anda lakukan hanyalah meng'upload'nya ke dalam 'hosting' laman anda dan menggantikan ID ClickBank anda.<br /><br />Anda boleh dapatkan maklumat lanjut mengenai ClickBank, di sini:<br /><br /><a href="http://awesomemarketer.com/secure/4bw/4792">http://awesomemarketer.com/secure/4bw/4792 </a><br /><br />Ingat, ClickBank pernah menutup penyertaan rakyat Malaysia dan tiada jaminan perkara ini tidak akan terjadi lagi. walaubagaimanapun, jika anda mulakannya sekarang, anda boleh mengambil kesempatan dengan situasi ini dan menjana ribuan ringgit secara online sebelum lebih ramai rakyat Malysia mengetahui kewujudan ClickBank. Selain daripada itu, jika mereka menutup kembali penyertaan rakyat Malaysia, anda tidak akan terjejas jika anda sudah pun menjadi affiliate yang sentiasa membuat jualan.<br /><br />Rahsia ClickBank adalah satu jalan yang bagus untuk dimulakan, sesuatu yang saya sarankan dengan penuh kejujuran:<br /><br /><a href="http://awesomemarketer.com/secure/4bw/4792">http://awesomemarketer.com/secure/4bw/4792 </a><br /></div>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-30429370936272591062009-01-08T09:58:00.010+08:002009-01-23T18:30:09.877+08:00PROJEK TANAMAN SERAI WARISAN<span style="font-family:Verdana;">MULAI TAHUN 2009, PIHAK SYARIKAT AKAN MEMPERKENALKAN SATU PROJEK BARU YANG BERKAIT RAPAT DENGAN PENTERNAKAN CACING KOMPOS. PROJEK TERSEBUT ADALAH PROJEK TANAMAN SERAI WARISAN. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><a href="http://www.balqisagrotech.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogsection&id=9&Itemid=47"><strong><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0);">SILA KLIK DI SINI</span></strong></a><strong> </strong>UNTUK MAKLUMAT LANJUT.<br /><br /><br /></span><div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size:22;">Seminar </span><br /><span style="font-size:22;"> Projek Tanaman Serai Warisan </span><br /><span style="font-size:22;"> &</span><br /><span style="font-size:22;"> Projek Penternakan Cacing Kompos</span><br /><span style="font-size:22;"> Dengan Tawaran</span><br /><span style="font-size:22;"> </span><span style="color: rgb(255, 153, 0);"><span><span><span><strong><span><span style="font-size:22;">"Contract Farming"<br /><br /></span></span></strong></span></span></span></span><p align="center"><strong style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">Bukan Bumiputera Layak Menyertai Kontrak Yang Ditawarkan !!</strong></p> <p align="center"><strong style="font-size: 14px;">Ahad 8 Februari 2009<br />Hotel Good Hope<br />Skudai, Johor</strong></p><p align="center"><span style="font-weight: bold;"> 8.00pagi - 4.00ptg</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Bayaran hanya RM250.00 sahaja</span><br /></p> <p align="center"><strong>Bayaran boleh dibuat melalui :</strong></p> <p align="center"><strong>Maybank : 551258403290<br />Atas nama Balqis Agrotech</strong></p><p style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">Tempat terhad kepada 200 orang peserta sahaja.<br />Berminat sila berhubung terus dengan :</p><p style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">Maznah - 013 7194802<br />Arif - 012 7078811<br />Anuar - 012 7205031</p> <hr /> <span style="font-size:20;"><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><br /></span></span></span><br /></div>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-63728274953740326992008-11-02T11:18:00.004+08:002008-11-14T22:45:34.256+08:00KURSUS PENTERNAKAN CACING KOMPOS<div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">Balqis Agrotech<br /></div><br />Info Kursus :<br /><br />Tarikh : 14hbDisember 2008<br />Tempat : Hotel Good Hope, Skudai, Johor<br />Masa : 8.00pagi - 1.00ptg<br />Bayaran : Hanya RM180 sahaja dan boleh dibuat melalui ;<br /><br />Bank-in/online transfer ke Akaun Maybank - 551258403290<br /><br />atas nama BALQIS AGROTECH<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">Bukan Bumiputra Layak Menyertai Kontrak Yang Ditawarkan!!!</span><br /><br />Jika anda berminat, sila hubungi:<br /><br />Pn Maznah - 013.719.480.2 Segamat<br /><br />En.Arif - 012.707.881.1 Batu Pahat<br /><br />En.Anuar - 012.720.503.1 Johor Bahru<br /><br />UNTUK MAKLUMAT LANJUT, SILA LAYARI - www.balqisagrotech.comVermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-56813019166254357892008-10-22T17:57:00.002+08:002008-10-22T18:18:15.768+08:00Betul ke?Saya baru sahaja ber ura-ura nak beli buku penternakan cacing yang agak hangat dipasaran sekarang, tapi timbul pulak cerita/khabar angin (fitnah?) yang mengatakan bahawa isi kandungan buku tersebut di plagiat daripada buku indon....sebijik kata yang bawak berita, cuma diterjemahkan aje...... langsung terbantut niat saya nak dapatkan buku tersebut.<br /><br />Belum lagi hilang 'kempunan'.....saya dengar pulak yang buku indon tersebut (yang diplagiat oleh penulis diMalaysia) sebenarnya mengandungi FAKTA dan TEORI tentang penternakan cacing yang totally SALAH...haru-haru, nanya la kalau macam tu, kita belajar ilmu sesat...patutlah ada yang telah menternak berbulan-bulan cacingnya bukan bertambah tapi semakin berkurang.........<br /><br />Kalau tak silap buku indon tersebut bertajuk - "SUKSES BETERNAK CACING TANAH LUMBRICUS RUBELLUS" Penulis RONY PALUNGKUN.....Hal ini diberitahu kepada saya oleh RAJA CACING TANAH SELURUH INDONESIA - Bpk Bambang Sudiarto.....VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-28200665641135473522008-10-22T17:39:00.002+08:002008-10-22T17:57:07.730+08:00Yang Auta Dan Yang Fakta1. Makanan Cacing<br /><br />Auta - Tinja kambing dan lembu....yang lain tak sesuai atau langsung tak boleh<br /><br />Fakta - Apa sahaja bahan yang berunsur organik (berasal daripada tumbuhan) adalah sesuai....najis ayam, arnab, daun,rumput sesuai dijadikan makanan TETAPI perlu melalui proses fermentasi<br /><br />2. Sumber bahan makanan<br /><br />Auta - Kos penyediaan tinggi, semuanya perlu dibeli -harga tinja dan habuk kayu semakin meningkat....kos penternak semakin meningkat<br /><br />Fakta - Kenapa perlu dibeli?..tak ada tinja gunakan sumber lain...tak ada habuk kayu gunakan sumber yang lain, kenapa hanya bergantung kepada bahan-bahan tersebut?<br /><br />3. Kenapa menternak cacing ?<br /><br />Auta - Hanya untuk jual cacing dan vermikompos<br /><br />Fakta - Sebenarnya lebih daripada itu, sekiranya anda tahu...pastinya anda akan menambah stok cacing yang ada (RAHSIA BESAR TUUUU)<br /><br />4. Masa depan penternakan cacing<br /><br />Auta - Tak de masa depan, ramai yang sudah tutup/ bungkus..tak mahu nlagi menternak cacing sebab takde untung<br /><br />Fakta - Itu hanyalah PROPAGANDA beberapa pihak yang sedang merancang untuk menguasai pasaran, semakin ramai yang hilang minat maka semakin kurang persaingan...<br /><br />5. Asal cacing L.Rubellus<br /><br />Auta - Australia<br /><br />Fakta - IndonesiaVermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-66898040408444586752008-09-11T09:27:00.009+08:002008-10-10T13:07:19.977+08:00Kursus Penternakan Cacing Kompos<p style="text-align: center;font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><strong>Balqis Agrotech</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: left;font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><strong>Info Kursus :</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: left;font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><strong>Tarikh : 26hb Oktober 2008(ahad)</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: left;font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><strong>Tempat : Hotel Good Hope, Skudai, Johor<br /></strong></span></p><span style="font-weight: bold;font-family:arial;font-size:85%;" >Masa : 8.oo pg - 1.30 ptg</span><span style="font-size:85%;"><br /><br /></span><span style="font-weight: bold;font-family:arial;font-size:85%;" >Bayaran : Hanya RM100 sahaja dan boleh dibuat melalui ;</span><span style="font-size:85%;"><br /></span><p style="text-align: left;font-family:arial;"><span style="background-color: rgb(212, 249, 254); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size:85%;" ><strong style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Bank-in/online transfer ke Akaun Maybank - 551258403290</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: left;font-family:arial;"><span style="background-color: rgb(212, 249, 254); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size:85%;" ><strong style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> atas nama BALQIS AGROTECH<br /></strong></span></p><p style="text-align: left;font-family:arial;"><span style="background-color: rgb(212, 249, 254); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size:85%;" ><strong style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> Tempat adalah terhad untuk 200 orang peserta sahaja.</strong></span></p><p style="text-align: left;font-family:arial;"><span style="background-color: rgb(212, 249, 254); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size:85%;" ><strong style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Jika anda berminat, sila hubungi:<br /></strong></span></p><p style="text-align: left; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:85%;">En.Raemi - 017.745.134.9 Segamat</span></p><p style="text-align: left; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:85%;">En.Faizal - 012.942.093.1 Muar</span></p><p style="text-align: left; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:85%;">En.Arif - 012.707.881.1 Batu Pahat</span></p><p style="text-align: left;font-family:arial;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;font-size:85%;" >En.Anuar - 012.720.503.1 Johor Bahru</span><span style="font-size:85%;"><br /></span><span style="background-color: rgb(212, 249, 254); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size:85%;" ><strong style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"></strong></span></p><p style="font-family: arial;"> </p><p><span style="background-color: rgb(212, 249, 254);font-family:arial;font-size:85%;" ><strong style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"></strong></span><span style="background-color: rgb(212, 249, 254);"><strong style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);font-family:arial;font-size:85%;" >UNTUK MAKLUMAT LANJUT, SILA LAYARI - www.balqisagrotech.com</span><br /></strong></span></p>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-42515861921821197682008-08-18T15:48:00.005+08:002008-10-10T13:09:34.970+08:00SIJIL KEMAHIRAN DALAM BIDANG PERTANIAN DAN AKUAKULTUR<span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-family:arial;">Peluang untuk para belia mendalami pengetahuan dan kemahiran dalam bidang pertanian dan akuakultur kini terbuka dengan peluang yang diberikan oleh INSTITUT SKILL-TECH. Beroperasi di Durian Tunggal Melaka, INSTITUT SKILL-TECH menawarkan pelbagai kursus jangka pendek(1tahun)</span> antaranya :<br /></span><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><br />1. Senibina Lanskap<br />2. Penyeliaan Ladang<br />3. Pemprosesan Makanan<br />4. Perikanan - Akuakultur<br /><br />Senarai lengkap kursus sila layari <a href="http://institutskilltech.com/">http://institutskilltech.com/</a>.Kursus ini adalah dibawah pembiayaan kerajaan sepenuhnya, peserta cuma perlu membayar RM450 untuk pendaftaran, yuran peperiksaan dan kelengkapan pakaian.<br /><br /><br />Syarat Kemasukan :<br /><br />1. Warganegara Malaysia bertaraf Bumiputra<br />2. Pendapatan ibu-bapa TIDAK MELEBIHI RM3000/Bulan<br />3. Berumur antara 18-30 tahun<br />4. Tamat Pengajian Tingkatan 5<br />5. Sihat Tubuh Badan<br />6. Berminat dengan bidang yang dipohon<br /><br />Sekiranya anda berminat, boleh dapatkan borang permohonan dengan menghantar emel (sertakan nama dan alamat lengkap) ke ownbizz@hotmail.com<br /><br /></span><br /></div>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-61385454252955351302008-08-02T18:55:00.004+08:002008-08-02T19:08:37.085+08:00Berhati-hati Sebelum Memulakan Penternakan - Kisah Monyet Dan Pisang<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span id="dlComment_ctl01_lblComment" style="font-family:arial;">Saya setuju, memang perlu berhati-hati dalam memilih perniagaan/penternakan yang bakal kita jalankan. Bagi saya, semua usaha memiliki sisi positif dan negatif. Mungkin untuk masa ini penternakan cacing belum begitu menjanjikan......</span></span>(ramai yang masih blurrrr)<br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><span id="dlComment_ctl01_lblComment" style="font-family:arial;"> </span></span><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><span id="dlComment_ctl01_lblComment" style="font-family:arial;">Saya teringat tentang satu eksperimen yang menggunakan momyet sebagai bahan ujikaji. Para penyelidik menempatkan 5 ekor monyet dalam satu ruangan yang terdapat tangga yang dihujungnya diletakkan 1 tandan pisang. Ketika salah seekor daripada monyet tersebut memanjat tangga untuk mengambil pisang, p</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span id="dlComment_ctl01_lblComment" style="font-family:arial;">ara penyelidik </span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span id="dlComment_ctl01_lblComment" style="font-family:arial;"> menyiram monyet tersebut dengan air sejuk. Akibatnya, ketika ada monyet lain yang mencuba memanjat tangga tersebut, monyet yang lain beramai-ramai melarangnya. Dan akhirnya tidak ada yang berani memanjat. </span></span><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><span id="dlComment_ctl01_lblComment" style="font-family:arial;"> </span></span><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><span id="dlComment_ctl01_lblComment" style="font-family:arial;">Para penyelidik </span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span id="dlComment_ctl01_lblComment" style="font-family:arial;">itu kemudian mengeluarkan monyet yang disiram air sejuk tadi dan memasukkan monyet baru. Demi melihat pisang di atas tangga, si monyet baru itu pun berusaha menaiki tangga. Namun gagal karena dilarang oleh monyet2 yang lama. Akhirnya si monyet baru itu tidak jadi memanjat, meski tidak kenapa dilarang. Lalu p</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span id="dlComment_ctl01_lblComment" style="font-family:arial;">ara penyelidik </span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span id="dlComment_ctl01_lblComment" style="font-family:arial;">itu pun mengganti 4 monyet yang lama dengan yang baru. Sama seperti kejadian awal, monyet2 baru tertarik oleh pisang tsb. Namun monyet yang satu itu melarang kerana menurut pengalaman monyet sebelumnya tidak boleh. Akhirnya semua monyet itu tidak ada yang memanjat sama sekali dengan alasan yang tidak mereka tahu.....</span></span><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><span id="dlComment_ctl01_lblComment" style="font-family:arial;"> </span></span><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><span id="dlComment_ctl01_lblComment" style="font-family:arial;">Maksudnya - <span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">"Jangan pernah takut untk berusaha, apalagi hanya kerana ketakutan yang tidak beralasan, atau kerana kata orang lain. Usaha apapun pasti memiliki risiko dan prospeknya sendiri. Biarlah pengalaman itu yang mengajarkan kita."</span></span></span></div>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-7673853828232768972008-07-30T12:15:00.001+08:002008-07-30T12:17:29.326+08:00Kursus Penternakan Cacing Kompos<span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-family:arial;">Tarikh : 24hb Ogos 2008 – Ahad</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Tempat : Hotel Sri Pelangi, Muar, Johor</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Masa : 8.00pagi – 1.30petang</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Bayaran : RM100 Sahaja</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Bayaran boleh dibuat melalui : MAYBANK – 551258403290 atas nama BALQIS AGROTECH</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Tempat adalah terhad kepada 200 orang sahaja</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Berminat ?..Sila berhubung terus dengan :</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">1. En. Faizal – 012.942.093.1</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;"></span><span style="font-family:arial;"><br /></span></span>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-21581119769587677902008-07-30T08:51:00.002+08:002008-07-30T08:55:22.811+08:00Bahaya Minyak Lintah (Leech Oil)<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Lintah mengandung "hirudin" iaitu enzim yang digunakan sebagai bahan pencair darah beku jika ada masalah darah beku didalam saluran darah. Minyak lintah </span><strong style="font-family: arial;">BUKAN</strong><span style="font-family: arial;"> bahan yang mengadung enzim dan jika minyak lintah digunakan di oleskan ke penis dengan tujuan untuk perbesar penis jelas sekali cara tersebut </span><span style="font-family: arial;" class="style16"><strong>SALAH KAPRAH </strong></span><span style="font-family: arial;">, karena "hirudin" sebagai bahan untuk mencairkan darah beku dan BUKAN membesarkan jaringan sel penis.<br /><br />Saat ini banyak krim & minyak mengandung lintah dijual melalui internet untuk tujuan membesarkan penis. Tidak pernah ada kajian hal tersebut dapat membesarkan ukuran penis jadi penggunaannya akan sia-sia saja! </span></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> Pedagang obat memanfaatkan </span><strong style="font-family: arial;">MITOS</strong><span style="font-family: arial;"> untuk mengeruk keuntungan dengan berjualan minyak lintah karena ketidaktahuan banyak pria........selanjutnya sila klik <a href="http://www.solusipria.com?id=ownbizz">disini </a></span></span></div>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-13792956682616813812008-07-29T19:17:00.003+08:002008-07-29T19:42:09.670+08:00Kursus Penternakan Cacing Kompos<span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-family:arial;">Tarikh : 17hb Ogos 2008 – Ahad</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Tempat : Hotel Pelangi, Segamat, Johor</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Masa : 8.00pagi – 1.30petang</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Bayaran : RM100 Sahaja</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Bayaran boleh dibuat melalui : MAYBANK – 551258403290 atas nama BALQIS AGROTECH</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Tempat adalah terhad kepada 200 orang sahaja</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Berminat ?..Sila berhubung terus dengan :</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">1. En. Raemi – 017.745.134.9</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">2. En. Arif – 012.707.881.1</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">3. En. Anuar – 012.720.503.1</span></span>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-60039385578796625922008-07-28T16:57:00.001+08:002008-07-28T16:58:59.151+08:00Apa Hukumnya Menternak Cacing?<span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" ><span style="font-family:arial;">SUMBER: BERITA HARIAN (17/Julai/2008)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Penternakan haiwan eksotik seperti lintah dibenarkan: Majlis Fatwa</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">NILAI: Kegiatan penternakan haiwan eksotik seperti lintah dan cacing yang semakin mendapat sambutan ramai dibenarkan mengikut syarak, kata Pengerusi Majlis Fatwa Kebangsaan, Prof Datuk Dr Abdul Shukor Husin.</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Beliau berkata, keputusan itu dibuat selepas pihaknya mendapat kerjasama pelbagai pihak termasuk pakar haiwan bagi menjalankan kajian berhubung perkara berkenaan bagi mengelak kekeliruan di kalangan masyarakat. </span><br /><a style="font-family: arial;" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirdSVq-0aZhM1RMdJUua0lviAcCnXOxDNnwegVMH9ZhY4ppwsX0DQb3f5rlFcg2u-e0w-FYPJQSXpC-wtLpi_w6XoXTzMa1YgPG3RYhSboFDH0YCueQnHSZTUzbt_eg7R3JwX74sTI_ss/s1600-h/Fatwa+cacing.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirdSVq-0aZhM1RMdJUua0lviAcCnXOxDNnwegVMH9ZhY4ppwsX0DQb3f5rlFcg2u-e0w-FYPJQSXpC-wtLpi_w6XoXTzMa1YgPG3RYhSboFDH0YCueQnHSZTUzbt_eg7R3JwX74sTI_ss/s320/Fatwa+cacing.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5224624675634755842" border="0" /></a><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">"Selepas diteliti, jelas sekali perniagaan dan kegiatan penternakan haiwan seperti lintah dan cacing ini dibolehkan. lima angka ekoran permintaan semakin tinggi bagi menjadikannya baja organik, pemusnah sampah organik, bahan campuran dalam makanan ternakan dan pembuatan kosmetik.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">"Umat Islam yang berhasrat menceburi bidang ini boleh teruskan hasrat mereka kerana daripada segi pemakanan haiwan itu juga tidak meragukan, malah penggunaannya untuk menghasilkan kosmetik juga didapati tidak timbul sebarang masalah," katanya ketika ditemui Berita Harian, di sini, baru-baru ini.</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Selain menghasilkan baja kompos, cacing mempunyai protein yang boleh digunakan dalam perubatan dan kosmetik.</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Wujud 1,800 spesies cacing, tetapi lima yang mudah ditemui adalah cacing merah (red worm); cacing harimau (tiger worm); cacing biru (blue worm) dan cacing malam (African night crawler). Harganya mampu cecah RM600 sekilogram selepas tempoh matang empat bulan.</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Bagi lintah pula, ia makin popular digunakan sebagai bahan asal produk untuk kesihatan lelaki, wanita, kosmetik, pertanian dan ekstrak. Di Eropah, lintah digunakan untuk menghisap darah toksik seperti berbekam untuk menyedut darah kotor. Di Jepun teknik ini dipanggil Hirudo.</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Air liur lintah mengandungi bahan bius, antipembekuan darah dan antibiotik. Lintah juga mempunyai bakteria yang dinamakan aeromonan hydrophila untuk mencerna darah dan menghasilkan bahan antibiotik untuk membunuh bakteria lain yang menyebabkan pembekuan.</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Rawatan lintah boleh menormalkan dan membaik pulih kitaran kapilari, kesan antiinflamasi yang cepat dan melegakan tekanan.</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">Abdul Shukor berkata, Majlis Fatwa mula menjalankan kajian selepas ramai umat Islam mengemukakan soalan berhubung perkara itu berikutan pasaran dan kegiatan pemeliharaan dan perniagaan haiwan eksotik itu semakin berkembang kebelakangan ini.</span><br /><span style="font-family:arial;">"Majlis Fatwa berpendapat, dalam sesetengah perkara perlu bersikap positif kerana jika memandang serong kegiatan seumpama ini, umat Islam juga akhirnya akan rugi," katanya. </span></span>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-47227128958704904712008-06-24T09:54:00.007+08:002008-07-28T15:24:04.096+08:00Pengaruh Suhu, pH dan Nisbah C dan N kepada Pembesaran dan Kelangsungan Hidup Cacing<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:arial;font-size:100%;" >Satu artikel berkaitan Pengaruh Suhu, pH dan Nisbah C dan N kepada Pembesaran dan Kelangsungan Hidup Cacing bolehlah dijadikan panduan kepada penternak di dalam menentukan pola dan jenis pemakanan yang paling bersesuaian untuk penternakan cacing.<br /><br /></span><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);font-family:arial;font-size:100%;" ><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Sila muat-turun artikel tersebut<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> </span></span><a style="color: rgb(204, 255, 255);" href="http://cigr-ejournal.tamu.edu/submissions/volume7/FP%2004%20014%20Hou%20final%202Dec2005.pdf">disini</a><br /><br /></span><br /></div></div>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-64822942526545164092008-06-23T16:01:00.007+08:002008-07-27T22:25:46.242+08:00Penternakan Cacing Tanah Di Negeri Sembilan !!!<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: arial;font-family:arial;font-size:100%;" >Kepada sesiapa yang berminat untuk mendapatkan bekalan cacing, makanan, vermikompos dan maklumat lanjut berkaitan dengan penternakan cacing tanah di kawasan Negeri Sembilan, bolehlah melawat tapak projek penternakan di ;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: arial;font-family:arial;font-size:100%;" >Fazreen Enterprise</span><span style="font-family: arial;font-size:100%;" ><br /><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Kg Lending, Air Mawang, Johol, Negeri Sembilan...boleh berhubung terus dengan - En. Nazrullah Bin Mohd (Angah) : 012.935.149.1 atau Pn Aziah : 012.304.375.1</span><br /></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><br /></div>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-27956119123206758012008-06-11T12:48:00.005+08:002008-07-27T22:27:09.627+08:00Kursus Intensif Cendawan<span style="font-family: arial; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" ><span style="font-weight: bold;">Kursus Intensif Cendawan </span><img style="font-weight: bold;" src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Arief/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/moz-screenshot.jpg" alt="" /><br /><br />Tarikh :15 Jun 2008 (Ahad)<br />Masa : 9 pagi - 5 petang<br /></span><span style="font-family: arial; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" >Tempat : NAS Agro<br />Jln Ahmad Khushashi, Kg Jenderam Hulu<br />Dengkil, Selangor. (Arah ke Salak Tinggi)<br /><br />Yuran - RM180/seorang<br /></span><span style="font-family: arial; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" >Kepada yang berminat, sila</span><span style="font-family: arial; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > hubungi - En Nabhan Sanusi : 019.385.2700</span>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-39214521960461859232008-06-06T14:13:00.003+08:002008-07-27T21:57:02.548+08:00How to Store Worm Castings / Vermicompost<div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial;font-family:verdana;"><span style="color: rgb(153, 51, 0);font-size:100%;" > <span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">In order to talk about optimal storage and moisture conditions for the finished product of a worm bin we first need to be on the same page as regards the nature of that finished product. </span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > The material harvested from a "finished" worm bin is generally called vermicompost , and is a mixture of earthworm castings (earthworm poop), decomposed organic matter that did not pass through the gut of the worm (compost), and partially decomposed/undecomposed organic matter that is still (somewhat) recognizable. In most situations it is castings that comprise the bulk of the material, usually around 70-80% of the total, dependant upon system type, management method and residence time in the system. </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" >Castings (also called casts and vermicast) are, as stated above, the manure of the earthworm, meaning they are the waste material generated after the worms have processed the organic matter through their gut. Castings are collected by sifting the vermicompost through a series of mesh screens, typically beginning with a 1/2" mesh, with the material that falls through then screened through a 1/4" mesh. Some castings producers screen the material that falls through the 1/4" mesh through a 1/8" mesh to produce an exceptionally fine, uniform material, but it is generally accepted that the material sifted through the 1/4"mesh is nearly pure earthworm castings. </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" >Op</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" >timal storage methods will be influenced by whether one is storing earthworm castings or vermicompost. </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > Before discussing storage methods, it may be wise to reiterate that castings are not necessarily superior to vermicompost! There is some research and a great deal of anecdotal evidence suggesting that, all things being equal, vermicompost produces a better over-all plant growth response than does pure castings. It is believed that the varied particles size, water-holding ability, and level of stability in vermicompost more closely mirrors that of the active fraction of soil, creating a resource that well supports a wide variety of beneficial organisms, and better aids in the formation of good tilth than does uniformly sized, dense, stable castings. Further, all animals excrete excess salts through their manures, and earthworm are no different. Earthworm castings can be and usually are very high in salt relative to good soil, and, at sufficiently high concentrations in a growig medium, can cause plant damage due to salt toxicity. Vermicompost, by virtue of its lower castings volume, tends to have a lower salt level, and it is believed that the compost component may act as a salt buffer, further ameliorating any potential salt issues. Vermicompost is also not so dense as are castings, ensuring optimal oxygen and water penetration into the growth medium. </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;font-size:100%;" > The take-home message is, castings are not better than vermicompost! </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;font-size:100%;" > </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > The additional steps taken by castings producers to ensure they package (essentially) pure castings is a marketing issue, not necessarily one of efficacy. For reasons surpassing understanding, the average gardener erroneously believes that soils and soil amendments that are fine and uniformly sized are generally superior to chunky, somewhat irregular materials. The size uniformity of screened castings appeals to most gardeners, thus castings producers give the gardening public what they want, not what is necessarily most beneficial to the plant or soil. This is a marketing decision, not one based on product performance. </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > It should be noted, too, that because of their stability, earthworm castings are a somewhat more predictable material than is vermicompost. By screening vermicompost to (essentially) pure castings the castings producer can ensure that each bag sold contains a product with a known chemical and biological character, and a relatively reliable plant growth impact. </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > Another issue associated with the sale of vermicompost is its stability and how it must or should be stored, and this leads us back to the original topic. </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > The undecomposed and partially decomposed organic materials in vermicompost continue to break down during storage. Placing actively decomposing organic materials in an airtight container encourages anaerobic organisms to take over decomposition with their cadre of foul-smelling, plant-toxic by-products; and drying vermicompost halts decomposition, and often causes some polymerization, meaning the material becomes impossible to re-wet (hydrophobic). What all of this means is that if one is storing vermicompost it is best to first dry it down so that it is damp, not wet, thus ensuring sufficient air penetration through the material to prevent anaerobia; and keep it in a non -airtight container. Stored in this way the vermicompost slowly stabilizes in an aerobic environment and has a shelf life of more than three years. </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > If one is storing castings, things become much less management intensive. Because castings are essentially stable they can be both stored in airtight packages and dried to 5% moisture with no loss of plant growth impact. </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > </span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" > It is typically the differences between vermicompost and castings that lead to what appear to be conflicting recomendations in storage practices. If you are unsure whether you are dealing with castings are vermicompost in your system, simply seal a small handful in an airtight plastic bag, and after a few days, open it up and take a big ol' sniff. If it smells like soil, you're dealing with castings that can continue being stored in an airtight container. If it smells like ammonia, a sewer, vomit, vinegar, a dead body,or generally causes you to turn your head and say something best not said in the presence of a three year old, well, you probably get the idea...</span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></div><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: arial;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:100%;" ><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: arial;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:100%;" >Copyright Wormswrangler.com 2007, design by WW/BR</span>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-78494511244466276092008-05-10T20:36:00.006+08:002008-07-27T22:21:11.465+08:00Manual Of On-Farm Vermicomposting and Vermiculture<span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" ><span style="font-family: arial;">Satu manual yang saya rasa amat berfaedah dan berguna untuk dijadikan sebagai bahan rujukan penternak dan bakal penternak cacing ;</span><br /><br /></span><span class="a"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" ><span style="font-family: arial;">www.allthingsorganic.com/</span></span><wbr style="font-family: arial; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:100%;" ><span style="font-family: arial;">pdf/</span><b style="font-family: arial;">Vermiculture</b><span style="font-family: arial;">_Farmers</span><b style="font-family: arial;">Manual</b><span style="font-family: arial;">_gm.pdf</span><br /></span><br /><br /></span>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-67250923814519805942008-04-26T20:38:00.005+08:002008-07-28T13:05:40.713+08:00Pengiraan C / N Bahan Makanan<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Table 3. Characteristics of common composting materials</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <table class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 680px; height: 750px;font-family:arial;" border="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" valign="bottom" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Material</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Nitrogen (dry weight) (%)</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">C:N (dry weight)</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Moisture Content (%)</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Bulk Density @Moisture Content (kg/m<sup>3</sup>)</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Beef</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" spt="75" preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"> </v:formulas> <v:path extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" connecttype="rect"> <o:lock ext="edit" aspectratio="t"> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_61" spid="_x0000_i1044" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_61" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_62" spid="_x0000_i1043" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_62" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_63" spid="_x0000_i1042" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_63" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_64" spid="_x0000_i1041" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_64" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">- Feedlot with bedding<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">1.3<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">1.8<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">68<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">710<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Dairy</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_65" spid="_x0000_i1040" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_65" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_66" spid="_x0000_i1039" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_66" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_67" spid="_x0000_i1038" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_67" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_68" spid="_x0000_i1037" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_68" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">- Solid manure handling<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">1.7<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">18<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">79<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">710<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">- Liquid slurry<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">2.40 - 3.60<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">16<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">88 – 92<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">990<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">- Solids separated from slurry<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">1.45<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">23<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">77<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">650<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Pigs</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_69" spid="_x0000_i1036" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_69" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_70" spid="_x0000_i1035" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_70" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_71" spid="_x0000_i1034" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_71" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_72" spid="_x0000_i1033" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_72" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">- Liquid slurry<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">0.15 - 5.00<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">20<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">93 - 99<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">1000<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">- Solids separated from slurry<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">0.35 - 5.00<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">1.9<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">75 – 80<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">270 - 860<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Poultry</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_73" spid="_x0000_i1032" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_73" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_74" spid="_x0000_i1031" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_74" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_75" spid="_x0000_i1030" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_75" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_76" spid="_x0000_i1029" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_76" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">- Broiler breeder layer<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">3.6<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">10<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">46<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">470<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">- Broiler litter<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">4.7<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">15<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">25<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">330<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">- Turkey litter<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">4.2<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">14<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">33<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">380<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Horse Manure with Bedding</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">1.40 - 2.30<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">22 - 50<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">59 – 79<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">725 - 960<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">- with straw<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">1.5<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">27<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">67<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">-<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">- with shavings<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">0.9<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">65<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">72<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">-<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Sheep Manure<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">1.30 - 3.09<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">13 – 20<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">60 – 75<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">-<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Straw</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_77" spid="_x0000_i1028" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_77" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_78" spid="_x0000_i1027" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_78" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_79" spid="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_79" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_80" spid="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_80" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">- general straw<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">0.30 - 1.10<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">48 - 150<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">27-Apr<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">58 - 357<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">- oat straw<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">0.60 - 1.10<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">48 – 98<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">14<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">130 - 192<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">- wheat straw<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">0.30 - 0.50<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">100 - 150<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">10<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">135<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">- barley straw<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">0.75 - 0.78<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">-<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">18-Dec<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">-<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Legume Grass Hay</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">1.80 - 3.60<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">15 – 19<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">10 – 30<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">-<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Cardboard</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">0.1<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">563<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">8<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">154<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Leaves 0.50</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">1.3<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">40 – 80<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">38<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">60 - 80<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Paper</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">0.20 - 0.25<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">127 – 178<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">18 – 20<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">130<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Sawdust</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">0.06 - 0.80<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">200 – 750<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">19 – 65<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">207 - 267<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 144pt;" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Woodwaste (Chips)</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 81.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="108"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">0.04 - 0.23<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90.65pt;" valign="bottom" width="121"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">212 – 1313<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 98.05pt;" valign="bottom" width="131"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">15 – 40<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 90pt;" valign="bottom" width="120"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">264 - 368<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt; line-height: normal;font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style=""><o:p> </o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt; line-height: normal;font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Blending Sample Calculation</span><a name="Appendix"></a></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <table class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 546pt; margin-left: -3pt; font-family: arial;" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="728"> <tbody><tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="9" style="padding: 0cm; width: 507.75pt;" width="677"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Appendix A<sub>1</sub></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="9" style="padding: 0cm; width: 507.75pt;" valign="top" width="677"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Symbols</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0cm; width: 144pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size:100%;">a <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0cm; width: 363.75pt;" valign="top" width="485"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">= total weight of ingredient a<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0cm; width: 144pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size:100%;">b <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0cm; width: 363.75pt;" valign="top" width="485"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">= total weight of ingredient b<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0cm; width: 144pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size:100%;">c <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0cm; width: 363.75pt;" valign="top" width="485"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">= total weight of ingredient c<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0cm; width: 144pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size:100%;">M <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0cm; width: 363.75pt;" valign="top" width="485"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">= desired mix moisture content<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0cm; width: 144pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size:100%;">Ma, Mb, Mc… <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0cm; width: 363.75pt;" valign="top" width="485"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">= moisture content of ingredients a, b, c<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0cm; width: 144pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size:100%;">%Ca, %Cb, %Cc… <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0cm; width: 363.75pt;" valign="top" width="485"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">= % carbon of ingredients a, b, c… (on dry weight basis)<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0cm; width: 144pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size:100%;">%Na, %Nb, %Nc… <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0cm; width: 363.75pt;" valign="top" width="485"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">= % nitrogen of ingredients a, b, c,… (on dry weight basis)<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0cm; width: 144pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size:100%;">R <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0cm; width: 363.75pt;" valign="top" width="485"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">= desired C:N ratio of mix<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0cm; width: 144pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size:100%;">Ra, Rb <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0cm; width: 363.75pt;" valign="top" width="485"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">= C:N ratio of ingredients a, b, c<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="9" style="padding: 0cm; width: 507.75pt;" valign="top" width="677"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">.</span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="9" style="padding: 0cm; width: 507.75pt;" valign="top" width="677"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Appendix A<sub>2</sub></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="9" style="padding: 0cm; width: 507.75pt;" valign="top" width="677"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Formulas for Only Two Ingredients</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="9" style="padding: 0cm; width: 507.75pt;" valign="top" width="677"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Required amount of ingredient a per kg b<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0cm; width: 144pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">To obtain desired C:N ratio:<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0cm; width: 363.75pt;" valign="top" width="485"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">a = <u>% Nb</u> <sub>x</sub> <u>(R-Rb)</u> <sub>x</sub> <u>(1-Mb)</u><br /><span style="color:white;">.>..</span>% Na (Ra-R) (1-Ma)<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0cm; width: 144pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">.</span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0cm; width: 363.75pt;" valign="top" width="485"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" spt="75" preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"> </v:formulas> <v:path extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" connecttype="rect"> <o:lock ext="edit" aspectratio="t"> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_1" spid="_x0000_i1033" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_1" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0cm; width: 144pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">To obtain desired moisture content: <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0cm; width: 363.75pt;" valign="top" width="485"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">a = <u>Mb-M</u><br /><span style="color:white;">.>..</span>M-Ma<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="9" style="padding: 0cm; width: 507.75pt;" valign="top" width="677"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">.</span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="9" style="padding: 0cm; width: 507.75pt;" valign="top" width="677"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Appendix A<sub>3</sub></span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="9" style="padding: 0cm; width: 507.75pt;" valign="top" width="677"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Formulas for a Mix of Materials</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0cm; width: 144pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">C:N ratio<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0cm; width: 363.75pt;" valign="top" width="485"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">= <u>weight of C in ingredient a + weight of C in b + weight of C in c +…</u><br /><span style="color:white;">.>...>..</span>weight of N in a + weight of N in b + weight of N in c +…<br /><br />= <u>[%Ca x a x (1-Ma)] + [%Cb x b x (1-Mb)] + [%Cc x c x (1-Mc)]</u><br /><span style="color:white;">></span> [%Na x a x (1-Ma)] + [%Nb x b x (1-Mb)] + [%Nc x c x (1-Mc)]<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0cm; width: 144pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">.</span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0cm; width: 363.75pt;" valign="top" width="485"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_2" spid="_x0000_i1032" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_2" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="4"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0cm; width: 144pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Moisture content<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0cm; width: 363.75pt;" valign="top" width="485"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">= <u>weight of water in ingredient a + weight of water in b + weight of water in c + .<o:p></o:p></u></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style=""> </span>total weight of all ingredients<br /><br />= <u>(a x Ma) + (b x Mb) + (c x Mc) …</u><br /><span style="color:white;">.>...>.>....</span>a + b + c + ...0<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="border: medium none ; padding: 0cm;" width="47"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td colspan="11" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 546pt;" valign="top" width="728"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Example </span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /><br />Assume a broiler breeder farm has manure to compost and that sawdust will be used as a bulking agent. How much sawdust and water needs to be added to the manure to have a good compost mix?<br /><br />Step 1. Determine the approximate nitrogen, carbon, moisture, and bulk density from Table 3 in Chapter 2.<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 135.3pt;" valign="bottom" width="180"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Material</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 101.7pt;" valign="bottom" width="136"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Nitrogen (dry weight) (%)</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 100.9pt;" valign="bottom" width="135"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">C:N<br />(dry weight)</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="bottom" width="136"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Moisture Content<br />(%)</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 106.25pt;" valign="bottom" width="142"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Bulk Density @ Moisture Content(kg/m<sup>3</sup>)</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 135.3pt;" valign="top" width="180"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Broiler Breeder Manure<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 101.7pt;" valign="top" width="136"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">3.60<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 100.9pt;" valign="top" width="135"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">10<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">46<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 106.25pt;" valign="top" width="142"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">470<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 135.3pt;" valign="top" width="180"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Sawdust<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 101.7pt;" valign="top" width="136"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">0.06 - 0.80<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 100.9pt;" valign="top" width="135"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">200 - 750<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">19 - 65<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 106.25pt;" valign="top" width="142"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">207 - 267<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td colspan="11" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 546pt;" valign="top" width="728"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Note:</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"> For a range of numbers, take the average if there has been no analysis performed.<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 135.3pt;" valign="top" width="180"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Sawdust<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 101.7pt;" valign="top" width="136"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">0.43<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 100.9pt;" valign="top" width="135"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">475<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">42<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 106.25pt;" valign="top" width="142"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size:100%;">237<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td colspan="11" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 546pt;" valign="top" width="728"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">.</span><span style="font-size:100%;"> Step 2. Using the formula for two ingredients from Table 3, determine the amount of sawdust (a) needed for each kg of manure, (b) to give a desired C:N ratio (R) of 30.<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 66.8pt;" valign="top" width="89"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Given:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 43.6pt;" valign="top" width="58"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size:100%;">b<span style="color:white;">.</span><br />Ma<span style="color:white;">.</span><br />Mb<span style="color:white;">.</span><br />Ra<span style="color:white;">.</span><br />Rb<span style="color:white;">.</span><br />%Na<span style="color:white;">.</span><br />%Nb<span style="color:white;">.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="5" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 228.3pt;" valign="top" width="304"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">= 1 kg of broiler breeder manure<br />= 0.20 (for this example 20% was selected)<br />= 0.46 (46% moisture content of manure )<br />= 500 (for this example C:N of 500 was selected)<br />= 10 (C:N ratio of manure)<br />= 0.1 (for this example 0.1% was selected)<br />= 3.6 (% nitrogen in manure)<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="3" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 207.3pt;" valign="top" width="276"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_3" spid="_x0000_i1031" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_3" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 66.8pt;" valign="top" width="89"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Determine:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="6" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 271.9pt;" valign="top" width="363"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">a (weight of sawdust needed) for the desired C:N ratio of R = 30<br />a = <u>%Nb</u> <sub>x</sub> <u>(R-Rb)</u> <sub>x</sub> <u>(1-Mb)</u><br /><span style="color:white;">.....</span>%Na (Ra-R) (1-Ma) <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="3" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 207.3pt;" valign="top" width="276"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">(Appendix A<sub>2</sub>)<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 66.8pt;" valign="top" width="89"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Calculation:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="6" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 271.9pt;" valign="top" width="363"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">a = <u>3.6</u><sub> x</sub> <u>(30-10)</u> <sub>x</sub> <u>(1-0.46) </u>= 1.0<br /><span style="color:white;">.....</span>0.1 (500-30) (1-0.20) <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="3" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 207.3pt;" valign="top" width="276"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_4" spid="_x0000_i1030" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_4" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 66.8pt;" valign="top" width="89"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Answer:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="9" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 479.2pt;" valign="top" width="639"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">For each kg of manure, add 1.0 kg of sawdust to obtain a C:N ratio of 30. <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <!--[if !supportMisalignedColumns]--> <tr height="0"> <td style="border: medium none ;" width="4"><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td style="border: medium none ;" width="85"><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td style="border: medium none ;" width="58"><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td style="border: medium none ;" width="33"><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td style="border: medium none ;" width="16"><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td style="border: medium none ;" width="120"><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td style="border: medium none ;" width="135"><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td style="border: medium none ;" width="1"><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td style="border: medium none ;" width="135"><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td style="border: medium none ;" width="95"><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> <td style="border: medium none ;" width="47"><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span></td> </tr> <!--[endif]--> </tbody></table> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:100%;">.</span><span style="font-size:100%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <table class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 548.75pt;" border="0" cellpadding="0" width="732"> <tbody><tr style="font-family:arial;"> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 545.75pt;" valign="top" width="728"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Step 3. Check the mix moisture content (M.C.) using the moisture content formula in Appendix A<sub>2</sub>.</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="font-family:arial;"> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Given:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 36pt;" valign="top" width="48"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size:100%;">a<span style="color:white;">.</span><br />b<span style="color:white;">.</span><br />Ma<span style="color:white;">.</span><br />Mb<span style="color:white;">.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 252pt;" valign="top" width="336"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">= 1.0 kg weight of sawdust from Step 2<br />= 1.0 kg weight of manure<br />= 0.20 (for this example 20% was selected)<br />= 0.46 (46% moisture content of manure)<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 181.25pt;" valign="top" width="242"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_5" spid="_x0000_i1029" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_5" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="font-family:arial;"> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Determine:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 289.5pt;" valign="top" width="386"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">M.C. (mix moisture content)<br />M.C. = <u>(a x Ma) + (b x Mb)</u><br /><span style="color:white;">..................</span>a + b<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 181.25pt;" valign="top" width="242"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">(Appendix A<sub>3</sub>)<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="font-family:arial;"> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Calculation:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 289.5pt;" valign="top" width="386"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">M.C. = <u>(1 x 0.20) + (1 x 0.46)</u> = 0.33 or 33 %<br /><span style="color:white;">........................</span>1 + 1 <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 181.25pt;" valign="top" width="242"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_6" spid="_x0000_i1028" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_6" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="font-family:arial;"> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Answer:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="3" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 472.25pt;" valign="top" width="630"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">This starting moisture content of 33% is too low, since ideal moisture content runs from 50 to 60%.<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="font-family:arial;"> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 545.75pt;" valign="top" width="728"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="">Step 4. Adjust moisture content to 55% using the two-ingredient formula from Appendix A<sub>2</sub>.</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="font-family:arial;"> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Given:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 36pt;" valign="top" width="48"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size:100%;">b<span style="color:white;">.</span><br />M<span style="color:white;">.</span><br />Ma<span style="color:white;">.</span><br />Mb<span style="color:white;">.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 252pt;" valign="top" width="336"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">= 1 kg of manure/sawdust mix<br />= 0.55 (55% desired moisture content)<br />= 1.0 (100% moisture content of water)<br />= 0.33 (33% moisture content of manure/sawdust mix)<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 181.25pt;" valign="top" width="242"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_7" spid="_x0000_i1027" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_7" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="font-family:arial;"> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Determine:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 289.5pt;" valign="top" width="386"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">‘a’ quantity of water required<br />a = <u>Mb - M</u><br /><span style="color:white;">......</span>M - Ma <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 181.25pt;" valign="top" width="242"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_8" spid="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_8" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="font-family:arial;"> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Calculation:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 289.5pt;" valign="top" width="386"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">a = <u>0.33 - 0.55 </u>= 0.49<br /><span style="color:white;">......</span>0.55 - 1.00 <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 181.25pt;" valign="top" width="242"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_9" spid="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'"> <v:imagedata src="file:///E:\DOCUME~1\Papa\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="ecblank"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///E:/DOCUME%7E1/Papa/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="Picture_x0020_9" width="1" height="1" /><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="font-family:arial;"> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Answer:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="3" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 472.25pt;" valign="top" width="630"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Add 0.49 kg of water for every 1.0 kg of manure/sawdust mix.<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="font-family:arial;"> <td colspan="4" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 545.75pt;" valign="top" width="728"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">.</span><span style="font-size:100%;"> Step 5. Determine how much manure, sawdust and water to mix.<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="font-family:arial;"> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Given:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="3" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 472.25pt;" valign="top" width="630"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Tractor bucket volume = 2.0 m<sup>3</sup><br />Manure bulk density = 470 kg/m<sup>3</sup><br />Sawdust bulk density = 207 kg/m<sup>3</sup><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="font-family:arial;"> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Determine:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="3" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 472.25pt;" valign="top" width="630"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Volume of manure, sawdust, and water<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="font-family:arial;"> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 72pt;" valign="top" width="96"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Calculation:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="3" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 472.25pt;" valign="top" width="630"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;">One bucket of manure weighs 2.0 m<sup>3</sup> x 470 kg/m<sup>3 </sup>= 940 kg<br />Since an equal weight of manure and sawdust is wanted, add 940 kg of sawdust or 940 kg / 207 kg/m<sup>3</sup> = 4.54 m<sup>3</sup> of sawdust<br />This is equal to 4.54 m<sup>3</sup> / 2.0 m<sup>3</sup> per bucket = 2.27 buckets of sawdust<br />For each bucket of manure used, there will be a total manure/sawdust mix weighing<br />940 kg + 940 kg = 1840 kg<br />Similarly, for each bucket of manure used, add:<br />0.49 kg of water / kg of mix x 1840 kg = 902 kg of water (902 L of water) <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 72pt;font-family:arial;" valign="top" width="96"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><u><span style="">Answer:</span></u></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td colspan="3" style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 472.25pt;" valign="top" width="630"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style=""><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:100%;">For each bucket of manure, add 2.27 buckets of sawdust and 902 litres of water.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody></table>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-29688445601131964772008-03-21T16:30:00.001+08:002008-07-28T13:19:22.233+08:00Of Enzymes, Worms, and Cancer<p style="font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" ><b>By Dr. Ralph Moss<br /></b>from <a href="http://cancerdecisions.com/subscr.html" target="_blank">CancerDecisions.com Newsletter</a></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >That unloved little girl of the children’s rhyme, who sat in the garden eating worms, may have been onto something. There is a new health product on the market called <span class="SpellE"><b><i>lumbrokinase</i></b></span>, which is derived from the common earthworm, <span class="SpellE"><i>Lumbricus</i></span> <i><span class="SpellE">rubellus</span></i>. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >Along with ants, insects and other creepy-crawly things, earthworms have for thousands of years been a staple of traditional Chinese medicine (<span class="SpellE">Mihara</span> 1992). One ancient Chinese medical text, the <b><i>Ben <span class="SpellE">Cao</span> Gang <span class="SpellE">Mu</span></i></b> (or <i>Compendium of Medicine</i>) states that earthworms (known as "<span class="SpellE">Di</span> Lung") are useful in unblocking the body’s acupuncture meridians and channels, improving circulation and overcoming numbness in the limbs.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >In a beautifully written 1883 book, <i><b>The Formation of Vegetable Mould Through the Action of Worms</b></i>, no less a luminary than Sir Charles Darwin observed the ability of worms to digest just about everything in their path. He compared the juices of the earthworm’s digestive tract to the pancreatic secretions in humans:</span></p><div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(204, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; font-family: arial;"><blockquote> <p><span style=";font-size:100%;" >"The digestive fluid of worms is of the same nature as the pancreatic secretion of the higher animals," wrote the great English biologist, "and this conclusion agrees perfectly with the kinds of food which worms consume. Pancreatic juice emulsifies fat, and we have just seen how greedily worms devour fat; it dissolves fibrin, and worms eat raw meat; it converts starch into grape-sugar with wonderful rapidity, and we shall presently show that the digestive fluid of worms acts on starch."</span></p></blockquote></div><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >It was in fact the ability of the worm’s digestive juices to dissolve fibrin that attracted the attention of scientists a century later. During the 1970s, Prof. Shan <span class="SpellE">Hongren</span> discovered the enzymatic functions of an extract of earthworms. For this he was honored with the United Nations Science Conference Award in 1978. In 1997, a product made from earthworms, named <span class="SpellE"><b><i>Plasmin</i></b></span>, was approved by the Chinese government as a new medicine. In 1999, the China Medical Society made <span class="SpellE"><b><i>Plasmin</i></b></span> a key product to be promoted all over <st1:country-region><st1:place>China</st1:place></st1:country-region>. In the same year it was registered by the China Supervisory and Administrative Bureau as a class two nationally protected TCM formula, and in 2000 it was included in the China National Pharmacopoeia - at least according to a number of promotional websites (Health King 2004).</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >Starting in the 1980s, Japanese scientists confirmed this observation experimentally when they isolated six <span class="SpellE">proteolytic</span> enzymes from earthworms. They collectively named these enzymes <span class="SpellE">lumbrokinase</span> (LK). (<span class="SpellE">Proteolytic</span> enzymes are natural substances that speed up the digestion of proteins into their constituent amino acids.) <span class="SpellE">Lumbrokinase</span> is now being made available by a number of American food supplement distributors, including Allergy Research Group of <st1:state><st1:place>California</st1:place></st1:state>.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >There are presently 17 articles on <span class="SpellE">lumbrokinase</span> in the <i>National Library of Medicine’s</i> encyclopedic database, <span class="SpellE"><b>PubMed</b></span>. This is not a great number, and only one of these articles is a clinical study. However, this study concluded that "<span class="SpellE">lumbrokinase</span> is beneficial to the treatment of cerebral infarction [stroke, ed.]" (Jin 2000). The substance also shows some potential in the postoperative care of patients who have received prosthetic vascular grafts (Hwang 2002).</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >I learned about <span class="SpellE">lumbrokinase</span> from a prostate cancer patient, whose naturopath suggested it as an alternative treatment. There are currently no articles in <span class="SpellE"><b>PubMed</b></span> on the use of <span class="SpellE">lumbrokinase</span> in cancer treatment. I therefore would not support the use of <span class="SpellE">lumbrokinase</span> for this purpose until the necessary clinical research has been done. But the basic concept is sound, and such research is certainly warranted.</span></p><h4 style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Role of Pancreatic Enzymes</span></h4><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >There is considerable evidence to suggest that taking digestive enzymes may be an important part of an overall anticancer program. This is the approach taken by <b>Nicholas J. Gonzalez</b>, MD, of <st1:city><st1:place>New York City</st1:place></st1:city>, whose pancreatic enzyme-based anticancer regimen is currently being studied by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH).</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >While the actual clinical trial of his regimen languishes for want of support by the oncology community, there was encouraging news this May from the <st1:place><st1:placetype>University</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename>Nebraska</st1:placename></st1:place>. An animal study co-authored by Dr. Gonzalez and published in the peer-reviewed journal <i><b>Pancreas</b></i> showed that the orally administered enzymes developed by Dr. Gonzalez and his colleagues had profound health-promoting and anticancer effects.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >In this study, pancreatic cancer was first grafted into nude mice, rodents whose lack of a functioning immune system allows them to serve as living laboratories for the study of cancer. The mice were then treated with porcine (pig) pancreatic enzyme extracts (PPE) that were included in their drinking water. A control group received no enzyme supplements.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >Treated mice "survived significantly longer than the control group," according to <span class="SpellE">Murat</span> <span class="SpellE">Saruc</span>, MD, and colleagues at the <span class="SpellE">Eppley</span> Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases in Omaha. Additionally, tumors in the PPE-treated group "were significantly smaller than in the control group." All mice in the control group showed abnormalities of metabolism in the early stages of tumor growth, "whereas only a few in the treated group showed some of these abnormalities at the final stage." The authors concluded that treatment with pancreatic enzymes "significantly prolongs the survival of mice… and slows the tumor growth." <span class="GramE">(<span class="SpellE">Saruc</span>, 2004).</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >Similar claims about pancreatic enzymes have been made for nearly a century. However this was a rigorously conducted scientific study that was peer reviewed and published in the official journal of the <b>American Pancreatic Association</b> and the <b>Japan Pancreas Society</b>.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >For years opponents of alternative medicine have argued that enzymes taken by mouth would be broken down in the stomach and inactivated before being able to do much good at all. <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><b>This point of view was thoroughly refuted in 2002 when three physiologists at the </b></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><b><st1:place><st1:placetype>University</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename>California-San Francisco</st1:placename></st1:place> showed that digestive enzymes can be absorbed into blood, reabsorbed by the pancreas, and reutilized, instead of being reduced to their constituent amino acids in the intestines</b></span>. This is called an <span class="SpellE">enteropancreatic</span> circulation of digestive enzymes (Rothman 2002). But clearly news of this established fact hasn’t reached the implacable opponents of complementary medicine. For instance, an attack on the work of Dr. <span class="GramE">Gonzalez</span> states:</span></p><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><blockquote> <p><span style=";font-size:100%;" >"Like all dietary proteins, enzymes are dismantled into constituent amino acids by host <span class="SpellE">proteolytic</span> enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract, thus destroying their enzymatic activity" (Green 1998).</span></p></blockquote></div><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >This bucket-of-cold-water argument has now been thoroughly undercut by yet another careful scientific study. We are often warned of the harmful effects of unduly favorable statements about food supplements. <span class="GramE">But what about unduly negative statements?</span> It was because of such dogmatic statements on the alleged destruction of enzymes in the stomach that thousands of people have been dissuaded from taking enzymes. Now we learn that certain enzymes can not only survive the stomach but can enter the bloodstream in their active form. However I have yet to hear a word of correction or apology from the self-proclaimed refuters of <st1:place>CAM</st1:place> cancer treatments on this important topic.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >Enzymes are an endlessly fascinating and extremely promising area of medicine, including <st1:place>CAM</st1:place>. They are a natural part of most raw foods and are created by our bodies to aid digestion. Explored and then forgotten, they have been repeatedly rediscovered around the world. I have mentioned the Asian work with earthworm enzymes. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >In <st1:country-region><st1:place>England</st1:place></st1:country-region>, not long after <st1:city><st1:place>Darwin</st1:place></st1:city>’s time, a brilliant embryologist at the <st1:place><st1:placetype>University</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename>Edinburgh</st1:placename></st1:place>, John Beard, PhD, first suggested the use of pancreatic enzymes as a treatment for cancer. He even wrote a book in 1911 called <i><b>The Enzyme Treatment of Cancer</b></i>. He got little for his pains but trouble at the hands of a furious medical profession. Today his work is all but forgotten.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >For my earlier discussion of the John Beard enzyme theory, <a href="http://www.cancerdecisions.com/062602.html" target="_blank">click here</a>.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >In the <st1:country-region><st1:place>US</st1:place></st1:country-region> in the 1950s and 60s, a doctor named Frank. L. Shively, MD, of <st1:place><st1:city>Dayton</st1:city>, <st1:state>Ohio</st1:state></st1:place> used a similar approach. He reported excellent results in human patients using injected enzymes. When he tried to convince his colleagues of the efficacy of this treatment he was stymied. <span class="GramE">Being unable to find a regular publisher, </span><st1:city><st1:place><span class="GramE">Shively</span></st1:place></st1:city><span class="GramE"> self-published a long typewritten manuscript on this approach, <i><b>The Multiple <span class="SpellE">Proteolytic</span> Enzyme Therapy of Cancer</b></i>, with documentation of many successes.</span> He was scorned by most of his medical colleagues. Today he is almost completely unknown and copies of his manuscript are very rare. (I have one of the few existing copies.)</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >In <st1:country-region><st1:place>Germany</st1:place></st1:country-region>, where natural treatments are widely accepted by the medical profession, the use of enzymes has been more favorably regarded. Much of this goes back to the post-World War II-era work of Max Wolf, MD, and his disciple, Karl <span class="SpellE">Ransberger</span>, PhD, who together wrote the classic book, <i><b>Enzyme Therapy</b></i>. Together they founded <span class="SpellE">Mucos</span> <span class="SpellE">Pharma</span> to market enzyme products, such as the celebrated <span class="SpellE">Wobenzyme</span>. A visit to the bookstore at the annual Medicine Week meeting in <st1:city><st1:place>Baden-Baden</st1:place></st1:city> reveals numerous titles in German on the same topic. Almost every European clinic that I have visited enthusiastically embraces some form of enzyme therapy.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >Yet the use of digestive enzymes remains almost completely unknown to most conventional oncologists in the <st1:country-region><st1:place>US</st1:place></st1:country-region>. For instance, during the past eleven years (1994-2004) there have been tens of thousands of presentations on a wide variety of other topics at the annual meetings of the <b><i>American Society of Clinical Oncology</i></b> (ASCO). Yet in that time there has not been a single study on the topic presented at ASCO.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >According to Clifton Leaf, executive editor of <b>Fortune</b> magazine, since 1971 <st1:country-region><st1:place>America</st1:place></st1:country-region> has spent $200 billion on the war on cancer—with precious little to show for it.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" ><a href="http://www.fortune.com/fortune/articles/0,15114,598425,00.html" target="_blank">Click here</a> for a discussion of Clifton Leaf’s article on why we are losing the war on cancer.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >Of this massive sum, only $1.4 million has been spent on the Gonzalez trial and it took a considerable political struggle to get even that single grant approved. The Gonzalez trial moves at a snail’s pace for lack of cooperation on the part of conventional oncologists. Every attempt to expose this imbalance in research priorities is met with defensiveness on the part of the cancer establishment. This serves to further isolate proponents of innovative methods, such as enzymes, from the scientific mainstream. In other words, huge sums are poured into dead-end pharmacological solutions, while potential alternatives for cancer are dismissed out of hand as "unproven methods."</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >It is an intolerable situation.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" >But rest assured, one of these days the worm is going to turn.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style=";font-size:100%;" ><b>Note from Chet:</b> Be sure to sign up for Dr. Moss's excellent newsletter at his <a href="http://cancerdecisions.com/subscr.html" target="_blank">website</a>.</span></p>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-49583474391863432122008-03-21T16:18:00.002+08:002008-03-21T16:30:12.765+08:00Enzim daripada cacing L.Rubellus - Lumbrokinase<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:Verdana,Arial;font-size:100%;"><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(51, 0, 153);">Lumbrokinase</span> is an enzyme derived from earthworms Lumbricus rubellus. Research has shown that lumbrokinase may support healthy coagulation of blood within normal levels and enhance fibrinolytic activity, i.e. similar to nattokinase.</span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:Verdana,Arial;font-size:100%;">Lumbrokinase (LK) consists of a group of proteolytic enzymes including plasminogen activator and plasmin extracted from a specific species of earthworm. The plasminogen activator (e-PA) in LK is similar to tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) from other sources, which makes it possible to show the thrombolytic activity only in the presence of fibrin. Therefore, LK has the advantage of not causing excessive bleeding. The activity of LK is much higher than most traditional Chinese products that are available in the United States. Four phases of clinical studies have been done on LK at the Beijing Xuanwu Hospital (the top hospital in nerve & internal medicine in China). LK has been widely used in over 100 hospitals in Beijing since 1995. In Jakarta, LK has been used in thousands of hospitals and stores, in more than 20 provinces and cities, as well as in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Southeast Asia, and Europe.</span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:Verdana,Arial;font-size:100%;">LK is recognized by the Ministry of Public Health in China. LK capsules technology was awarded a certificate of National Significance Achievement in Science and Technology, listed as the Promotional project of National Key Technology Achievement and the National Torch Plan Program, and selected as National Key New product by six major ministries.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">MECHANISM OF ACTION:</span><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Evidence shows lumbrokinase supports the inhibition of the intrinsic coagulation pathway and the activation of fi brinolysis via an increase of t-PA activity. Lumbrokinase activates plasminogen and hydrolyzes fi brin directly, reduces ESR, C-RP, TXB2, and lowers blood viscosity and platelet aggregation function. FDP and D-Dimer levels have been shown to increase sharply within three days of Lumbrokinase administration. The rate at which Lumbrokinase lowers plasma fi brinogen levels varies depending on the condition being treated. Research results range from a 21% reduction in 12 weeks to a 33% reduction in 21days. On average a reduction rate of 10 to 20% or more in 4 weeks can be expected when patients are on the full dosage of 2 capsules three times daily. Lumbrokinase will not reduce plasma fi brinogen levels to below normal.<br /><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:Verdana,Arial;font-size:85%;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102); font-weight: bold;">PUBLISHED RESEARCH STUDIES:</span><br />In a Chinese study conducted at Beijing Tongren Hospital1,patients with hyperfi brinogenemia were orally administered sixtablets of lumbrokinase per day for three weeks. Serum fi brinogenlevels were examined before and after treatment. In comparison with the control groups given antilipemia or antiplatelet aggregation drugs, serum fi brinogen in the lumbrokinase treated group signifi cantly decreased two weeks after treatment in a time related manner [before treatment (5.34 ± 0.48) g/L, two weeks after treatment (4.33 ± 1.09) g/L, three weeks after treatment (3.71 ± 0.48) g/L]. These results showed lumbrokinase could relieve hyperfi brinogenemia, and that the formation of thrombi would be decreased. Lumbrokinase had few reported side effects.Additional research investigated the effect of lumbrokinase on antiocoagulation and fi brinolysis in treating cerebral infarction2. Patients were randomly divided into the lumbrokinase treatment group (n=31) or a control group (n=20). The single blind method was used in this investigation and the Chinese stroke score was used to evaluate the results of treatment before and after administration of lumbrokinase. Kaolin partial thromboplastin time (KPTT), prothrombin time (PT), fi brinogen content, and vWF content were analyzed, while tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) activity, D-dimer level were assayed.<br /></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:Verdana,Arial;font-size:85%;"><span style="font-size:100%;">In both groups the stroke score decreased after administration, but in the treatment group, it was more obvious. In the treatment group KPTT was prolonged, t-PA activity and D-dimer level increased, while the content of fi brionogen decreased signifi cantly. There were no signifi cant changes of PT and PAI activity in both groups. The researchers concluded that lumbrokinase is benefi cial to the treatment of cerebral infarction and the effect of lumbrokinase is related to the inhibition of intrinsic coagulation pathway and the activation of fi brinolysis via an increase of t-PA activity.</span><br /></span></p>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-8227295141446900482008-03-21T15:46:00.003+08:002008-03-21T16:15:09.773+08:00Pasaran Cacing- Mana Arahnya?<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Kita ternak cacing untuk apa sebenarnya ?...1. Untuk kompos 2. Untuk cacing (daging ), Kenapa kompos menjadi tujuan utama?....Sebenarnya kita telah di`silapmata`kan dengan sesuatu yang masih jauh (walaupun semakin dekat)...memang harga cacing agak lumayan, antara RM400-RM500 per kg jika dibandingkan dengan kompos yang cuma antara RM0.80 - RM4.50 per kg.<br /><br />Tetapi kita harus ingat bahawa, penggunaan daging cacing untuk pengeluaran produk masih dalam peringkat R&D dan bekalan daging cacing masih jauh daripada mencukupi. Ada forumer yang mempertikaikan tentang info yang mengatakan cacing akan digunakan untuk pengeluaran produk dan seolah-olah menuduh otai-otai penternak cacing cuma menjaja cerita tersebut agar orang ramai berminat untuk menternak,..betul ke? Kalau betul..mana produknya?Apa syarikatnya ?<br /><br />Saya sebenarnya faham akan kekhuatiran yang menyelubungi bakal-bakal penternak, ye lah...setelah berpenat-lelah menternak dan hasil ternakan dan memenuhi bangsal, kemana pulak nak dijual?..nak dimakan....rasanya belum lagi tergamak....cuma apa yang boleh saya katakan adalah `BANYAK-BANYAK LAH BERSABAR`.<br /><br />Sebenarnya stok cacing di negara kita masih belum mencukupi dan masih jauh lagi untuk berlaku masalah lambakan stok. Ada syarikat yang telah membuat R&D dan akan mula menghasilkan produk, tapi adakah bekalan `raw material`(cacing) mencukupi? Takkan mereka nak keluarkan produk lepas tu terpaksa diberhentikan kerana tidak cukup </span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-family: arial;">bekalan `raw material`, disinilah perlunya penternak cacing yang ramai agar bekalan stok sentiasa mencukupi.Kita mestilah merobohkan tembok yang memagari minda kita, agar kita boleh menjadi lebih kreatif untuk menghasilkan produk-produk yang berasaskan cacing........</span></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></span></div>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-42126724202419129102008-02-25T20:42:00.006+08:002008-03-02T20:13:21.043+08:00Nak Ternak Cacing ke Nak Buat Rumah ?<div><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnjsiQ76jJu6UIieW8yf7Fo4uZgJvMyH8hkFdem7P1r49qI63tHXjFqupZcGOkjEfseYYPqNuHQYZ7d1lIye81yUoDFr4KE486cPWwei0J4i8ulya8vmKVRQSCApLM5WAff2Zgv1zqRP4/s1600-h/CAM_0105[3].JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5173109590050533602" style="CURSOR: pointer" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnjsiQ76jJu6UIieW8yf7Fo4uZgJvMyH8hkFdem7P1r49qI63tHXjFqupZcGOkjEfseYYPqNuHQYZ7d1lIye81yUoDFr4KE486cPWwei0J4i8ulya8vmKVRQSCApLM5WAff2Zgv1zqRP4/s320/CAM_0105%5B3%5D.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="font-family:arial;">Hampir 90% yang datang ke tempat penternakan risaukan tentang bagaimana untuk menyediakan Rumah Cacing...Nak buat cara rak atau kolah, kos pembinaan, kos kelengkapan, kos itu dan kos ini...dan akhir sekali baru dia fikir tentang kos cacing. Sedangkan faktor utama adalah cacing....Itu sebabnya saya tanya " Nak Ternak Cacing ke Nak Buat Rumah ? "<br /><br />Masyarakat kita sudah terlalu dimanjakan, tiada semangat `survivor`, kalau nak buat kena cantik-cantik...hasilnya fikir kemudian. Sebenarnya matlamat utama menternak cacing adalah untuk menghasilkan biomas (cacing) dan kompos, dalam apa bekaspun cacing boleh hidup asalkan menepati kriteria-kriteria yang telah ditetapkan.....Apa kriterianya ?...kalau nak tahu, rajin-rajinlah mencari ilmu kerana ilmu tidak datang menggolek kepada anda...Jangan Manja Sangat kerana kalau makan asyik bersuap , kita tak ubah seperti `Ayam Bodoh` atau `Lembu Feedlot`.<br /><br />Satu lagi soalan cepumas - `Bila saya dah ternak, saya nak jual kat mana ?`.....Cuba anda tanya orang cina soalan tu, saya pasti mereka akan ketawakan anda, macam ni lah, saya syorkan anda beli buku `BERANI GAGAL` dan fahami apa yang tersirat di dalam buku tersebut.............<br /><br />Jumpa lagi.......<br /><br />Ps : Cuba anda perhatikan gambar dibawah dan tanya pada diri anda Nak Ternak Cacing ke Nak Buat Rumah ?<br /><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVuoCfOwGGKTTxukcr7kJDNJZTbNpcpOt1FNhYd1xnu7rFhAczvTOxq_4Wk5Obzionu0HgVzZlpzdcYJjUNKIc8cn1wKvM2eR4OIAAq268tsa-IYMnOFXVzNmSHUQ2aU7paIQSrU1dZtY/s1600-h/CAM_0111[1].JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5173115422616121602" style="CURSOR: hand" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVuoCfOwGGKTTxukcr7kJDNJZTbNpcpOt1FNhYd1xnu7rFhAczvTOxq_4Wk5Obzionu0HgVzZlpzdcYJjUNKIc8cn1wKvM2eR4OIAAq268tsa-IYMnOFXVzNmSHUQ2aU7paIQSrU1dZtY/s320/CAM_0111%5B1%5D.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTgy0qIxxJCqP-wIoyz0zNCjTBq977p_wu-NgQUhcxYczKp74RWzZvvgwplFxqGhS2iNwsBD72PctyytTVybfpCqNJqdn8fTaGmJHtml8MwSAE09Ua3PZRX2V1WQg64dsoj1bbZzdkdwc/s1600-h/CAM_0113[1].JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5173115207867756786" style="CURSOR: hand" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTgy0qIxxJCqP-wIoyz0zNCjTBq977p_wu-NgQUhcxYczKp74RWzZvvgwplFxqGhS2iNwsBD72PctyytTVybfpCqNJqdn8fTaGmJHtml8MwSAE09Ua3PZRX2V1WQg64dsoj1bbZzdkdwc/s320/CAM_0113%5B1%5D.JPG" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></span><span style="font-family:arial;"><br /><br /><br /><br />Nota : Penternak yang menggunakan sistem seperti di dalam gambar di atas mengeluarkan 1tan biomas seminggu.......<br /><br /><br /></span></div><br /></span></div>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-43307516964746906882008-02-08T20:36:00.001+08:002008-02-10T20:23:50.894+08:00KAMI BUKAN ALONG..KAMI CUMA NAK TOLONG<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:arial;">Ramai yang menghubungi atau membuat lawatan ke tapak projek mempunyai persoalan yang sama - " Kos untuk memulakan penternakan ".Bila dengar sahaja kos untuk cacing adalah RM450/kg ada yang muka dah mula `satu macam je`.Takkan sampai begitu sekali mahalnya?....Biasa la benda baru, demand tinggi tapi supply cacing kurang....Cuma apa yang boleh saya katakan....walaupun kos mulanya mahal tapi dalam jangkamasa panjang ianya sangat berbaloi....alah apalah salahnya untuk `ikat perut` sikit untuk 6 bulan.<br /><br />Sebenarnya banyak kos `Rumah Cacing`yang boleh dijimatkan kalau kita pandai, tak perlu pun buat dengan kos yang tinggi, yang penting ternakan cacing kita tu ada tempat selamat untuk membiak dan bersesuaian dengan keperluannya.<br /><br />Kami bermula dengan pelbagai dugaan dan rintangan yang bertimpa-timpa, malah kami hampir sahaja berputus-asa, tapi berkat kesabaran kami mula merasa hasil titik peluh yang kami curahkan.Maka atas dasar untuk membantu penternak dan bakal penternak, pihak kami telah melancarkan<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);"> </span><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">'SKIM USAHAWAN CACING TANAH`</span><br /><br /></span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 102);font-family:arial;" > <span style="font-weight: bold;">'SKIM USAHAWAN CACING TANAH`</span></span><br /></div><span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;" ><br /><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">Skim 1 - Bantuan Elaun Bulanan ( SBEB) RM200/Bln</span><br /><br />Syarat - 1. Pembelian Benih Cacing <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">minima 10kg</span><br /> 2. Harga RM400/Kg<br /><br /> Nota : Pemberian elaun bulanan adalah untuk tempoh 5tahun bergantung kepada<br /> keuntungan syarikat.<br /><br /></span><span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;" ><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">Skim 2 - Ansuran Tanpa Faedah</span></span><span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;" ><br /><br /></span><span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;" >Syarat - 1. Pembelian Benih Cacing <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">minima 10kg</span><br /> 2. Harga RM450/Kg<br /><br /> Nota : Penternak perlu membayar RM2000 untuk pembelian 10kg dan baki RM2500<br /> boleh dibayar secara ansuran dalam tempoh 12 bulan<br /> </span><br /><span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;" ><br /></span><div style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Harga untuk kuantiti kurang dari 10kg ialah RM450/kg</span></div><span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;" ><br /></span><span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;" ><br /></span><div style="font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Sebarang pertanyaan boleh hubungi :<br /><br /></span></div><div style="font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">En.Samsudin Osman</span><br />013-3437628</span></div><div style="font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Pengurus </span></div><div style="font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Park Chu Bes Niaga</span></div><div style="font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Desa Putra,Kajang</span></div><div style="font-family:arial;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Selangor</span></div>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-61627202098199151302008-02-04T16:33:00.002+08:002008-02-04T16:48:09.332+08:00Apa Lagi Alasan Kita ?Lima(5)video dibawah menunjukkan betapa penternakan cacing bukanlah suatu bidang yang remeh dan membuktikan bahawa industri ini begitu mendatangkan hasil yang lumayan. Cuba anda lihat teknologi pengasingan vermikompos yang digunakan, semuanya secara hightech.<br /><br />Penternak cacing diluar negara begitu serius mengusahakan bidang ini memandangkan ianya suatu industri yang berdaya maju dan pasti memberikan pulangan lumayan.Jadi satu persoalan daripada saya - "APA LAGI ALASAN KITA ?"VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1970732719088474796.post-26306915089154370622008-02-04T16:33:00.001+08:002008-02-04T16:42:26.296+08:00Worm Farm<object width="425" height="355"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/zdG_mAUV0bc&rel=1"></param><param name="wmode" value="transparent"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/zdG_mAUV0bc&rel=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" wmode="transparent" width="425" height="355"></embed></object>VermHunterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09315293578612418802noreply@blogger.com0